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The Museum of Forgotten Botanicals

Decorative Ceramic Vase
Purple Orchid Illustration
Green Botanical Illustration

Atropa belladonna

Category: Poison & Power

Primary Period of Use: Antiquity- 19th Century CE

Region of Origin: Southern & Central Europe, North Africa, Western Asia (see below)

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Community: Ancient Greek physicians, Roman herbalists, Renaissance cosmetics trades, early European surgeons

belladonna

glove

fox

Purple Foxglove

Digitalis purpurea

Category: Medicine & Healing

Primary Period of Use: Medieval folk use- 1785 CE [formal documentation]

Region of Origin: Western & Central Europe

Community: Welsh folk healers, English country herbalists, 18th-century European physicians

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Pink Lily Illustration

cinchona

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Cinchona officinalis

tree

Category: Medicine & Healing

Primary Period of Use: Pre-Columbian era- 19th century CE

Region of Origin: Andean South America (Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador)

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Community: Indigenous Quechua peoples, Spanish colonial physicians, British & Dutch colonial administrations

Opium

Papaver somniferum

Category: Poison & Power

Primary Period of Use: 3400 BCE - present

Region of Origin: Mediterranean Basin, Mesopotamia, extending through Central Asia & South Asia

poppy

Watercolor Red Poppy
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Community: Sumerian healers, ancient Egyptians, Greek physicians, Arab medical scholars, Chinese Imperial Court, 19th-century European medical establishment

woad

Green Herb Sprigs

Isatis tinctoria

Category: Dye & Textile

Primary Period of Use: Neolithic era- 17th century CE

Region of Origin: Europe, particularly Britain, France, Germany, and the Mediterranean

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Community: Ancient Celts & Britons, medieval European textile guilds, English & French dye merchants

indigo

Purple Floral Illustration

Indigofera tinctoria 

Category: Dye & Textile

Primary Period of Use: 2500 BCE- 1897 CE [synthetic dye invention]

Region of Origin: South Asia [India], extending to West Africa & the American Southeast

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Community: Ancient Indian textile workers, West African artisans, enslaved people in colonial South Carolina & Georgia, British East India Company

mandrake

Mandragora officinarum

Category: Poison & Power

Primary Period of Use: Antiquity- 17th century CE

Region of Origin: Mediterranean Basin, Middle East 

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Community: Ancient Egyptians, Hebrews, Greeks, Romans, medieval European herbalists and surgeons 

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Willow

Salix alba

Bark

Dried Tobacco Leaves

Category: Medicine & Healing

Primary Period of Use: 400 BCE- 1897 CE [aspirin synthesis]

Region of Origin: Europe & Western Asia

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Community: Ancient Greek physicians, Indigenous peoples of North America, 28th-century English clergyman, 19th-century pharmaceutical chemists

saffron

Crocus sativus

Category: Trade & Economy

Primary Period of Use: 3500 BCE- present 

Region of Origin: Southwest Asia [likely Crete or Iran], widely cultivated across Mediterranean and South Asia

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Community: Minoan Cretans, ancient Persians, Arab physicians, Mughal court, medieval European apothecaries

crocus

Glowing Floral Sculpture

madder

saffron crocus.webp

Rubia tinctorum

Category: Dye & Textile

Primary Period of Use: 1500 BCE- 1869 CE [synthetic alizarin]

Region of Origin: Western & Central Asia, Mediterranean Europe 

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Community: Ancient Egyptians, Persian textile workers, Indian dyers, European military clothiers

tea

Camellia sinensis

Category: Trade & Economy

Primary Period of Use: 2737 BCE [legendary]; 3rd century CE [documented]- present

Region of Origin: Southwest China [Yunnan Province], extending through South & Southeast Asia

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Community: Tang Dynasty Chinese court, Buddhist monks, Japanese Zen tradition, British East India Company, colonial Indian laborers

plant

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hemlock

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 Conium maculatum

Category: Poison & Power

Primary Period of Use: Antiquity- 4th century BCE & beyond

Region of Origin: Mediterranean Basin, Europe, Western Asia 

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Community: Ancient Athenians, Greek physicians, Roman jurists, medieval herbalists

wormwood

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Artemisia  absinthium

Category: Medicine & Healing

Primary Period of Use: 1550 BCE- 1915 CE [absinthe prohibition]

Region of Origin: Temperate Eurasia & North Africa

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Community: Ancient Egyptians, Greek & Roman physicians, medieval European herbalists, 19th-century French bohemian culture

turmeric

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Curcuma longa

Category: Curcuma longa

Primary Period of Use: 2500 BCE-present

Region of Origin: South & Southeast Asia [India, Indonesia]

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Community: Vedic Hindu practictioners, Ayurvedic physicians, Tamil Siddha tradition, medieval Arab spice traders, contemporary global  wellness industry

tobacco

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Nicotiana tabacum

Category: Poison & Power

Primary Period of Use: Pre-Columbian era [earliest evidence c. 1000 BCE]- present

Region of Origin: South America [domesticated], extending through all of the Americas

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Community: Indigenous peoples of the Americas [ceremonial & medicinal use], European colonists [commercial expansion], enslaved Africans [plantation labor]

henna

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Lawsonia inermis

Category: Dye & Textile

Primary Period of Use: 3000- present

Region of Origin: North Africa, Middle East, South and Southeast Asia

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Community: Ancient Egyptians, Arabic  & North African Berber cultures, South Asian Hindu & Muslim communities, Sephardic Jewish tradition

chamomile

Matricarua chamomilla

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Category: Medicine & Healing

Primary Period of Use: Ancient Egypt (documented)- present

Region of Origin: Europe & Western Asia

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Community: Ancient Egyptians, Anglo-Saxon herbalists, medieval European monasteries, 18th-century German & Austrian pharmaceutical traditions

lavender

IMG_0472.WEBP

Lavandula angustifolia

Category: Medicine & Healing

Primary Period of Use: Ancient Egypt (documented)- present

Region of Origin: Europe & Western Asia

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Community: Ancient Romans, Arab physicians, medieval European monasteries, Provencal distillers, 20th-century aromatherapy movement

Gossypium hirsutum

IMG_0473.WEBP

cotton

Category: Dye & Textile

Primary Period of Use: 5000 BCE [India, independent domestication]; 3000 BCE [Americas]- present

Region of Origin: Independently domesticated in South Asia, the Americas, & East Africa

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Community: Ancient Indus Valley civilization, pre-Columbian Indigenous peoples of Mexico & Peru, 18th-19th century American plantation system [enslaved laborers], British industrial textile workers

coca

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Erythroxylum coca

Category: Poison & Power

Primary of Period Use: 8000 BCE- present

Region of Origin: Andean South America [Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador]

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Community: Pre-Inca Andean civilizations, Inca Empire, Quechua & Ayrmara peoples, 19th-century European pharmaceutical industry

Contact Information

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"Roots of Change"

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